Critical Thinking - Academically Adrift Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Thinking - Academically Adrift - Essay Example Students must be critical. Critical thinking is about questioning the conventional system of doing things especially when it is dysfunctional. Students must concentrate on solution finding academic procedures that are born through innovation (Padget, 2012). Critical thinking leads to increased concentration and outright improvement. Educators are duty bound to provoke students to be solution oriented. Students must look at innovation as the only way of survival (Sullivan, & Rosin, 2008). Methods of learning should be modeled to allow flexibility and educational engagement that is firmly committed to purposeful living as opposed to presentation of credentials. Lack of rigor has been cited as a major reason for declining educational standards. Many graduates are said to be living below the poverty line. The syllabuses have to be criticized. Students must take units that encourage them to be part of the solutions. The education system should be both preparatory and solution based. The intensity of successful education model should be in bent on answering the present day challenges (Sullivan, & Rosin, 2008). The culture of socially responsible education system must be entrenched in the future education systems. Units that enhance creativity and social engagement with an aim to get solutions must be given preference. This calls for funded research and innovation centers. The syllabuses should be regularly reviewed to counter the emerging challenges with cheap and sustainable

Ernest Hemingway Legend Essay Example for Free

Ernest Hemingway Legend Essay Ernest Hemingway is the ideal of an American legend, rugged, no-nonsense, with personal adventures rivaled only by those in his groundbreaking fiction.   His sparse newspaper style created a literary furor and his success came early and grew until the day he died.   In addition to his canonical novels, Hemingway was also adept at short fiction, including one only six-words long.   Besides, his male bravado, he also managed to capture the alienating effects of modern life in his fiction.   The modern themes of abortion, feminism, and alienation are expressed simply and eloquently in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants. † In the short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† Hemingway explores modern alienation in a tense discussion between a couple waiting for a train.   Two Americans in Spain, the man is trying to pressure the woman into some operation, though it is never revealed what this operation is.   Throughout the tense, yet sparse conversation, the man insists she have the operation, yet the woman resists.   It becomes increasingly clear that the operation they discuss may be an abortion, and the tension between the two symbolizes something uniquely modern.   Though abortions have been performed for centuries, it remained taboo until the twentieth century. Hemingway, though never specifically citing abortion as the subject in the story, displays the alienating effect it has on relationships and couples:   â€Å"‘It’s really an awfully simple operation, Jig,’ the man said. ‘It’s not really an operation at all.’   The girl looked at the ground the table legs rested on. ‘I know you wouldnt mind it, Jig. It’s really not anything. It’s just to let the air in’† (Hemingway).   The man refuses to completely acknowledge the significance of the situation, perhaps suggesting either his refusal or dismissal of Jig’s role as a woman worthy of making her own decision. According to critic Paul Lankin, â€Å"as the man persists in opposing the continuance of Jig’s maternity, he grossly oversimplifies the issue, even to the point of self-contradiction, calling abortion first ‘an awfully simple operation’ and then ‘not really an operation at all’† (234).   His dismissive attitude speaks of a former socially acceptable condescension by men towards women during a time when women were often treated as second class citizens.   This frank discussion between the man and the woman seems only possible in modern literature and seems unimaginable during Victorian times. The tension between the man and the girl is palpable in the short story.   Though they are travelers, imbibing alcohol and waiting for the train to their next destination, the conversation is filled with underlying themes of male dominance and female perseverance.   The man continuously belittles the girl’s feelings towards the pregnancy, and his argument includes many attempts at downplaying the importance.   The man persistently tries to convince her, even though he seems to feign sincerity in much of his words: â€Å"‘Well,’ the man said, ‘if you don’t want to you don’t have to.   I wouldn’t have you do it if you didn’t want to.   But I know it’s perfectly simple’† (Hemingway).    The girl does her best to contend with the man, believing that if she listens to him the relationship will be back to normal.   She hides her worry with levity, including her comment about the hills looking like white elephants.   It becomes apparent that more than fear over the procedure, the girl is coming to the realization that her relationship with the man is not what she thought it was: â€Å"the girl clings to a dream of family and togetherness until the last minute, and finally decides to give it all up as the requisite price of staying with the man-not knowing, as the reader does, from the many hints provided by Hemingway, that the man is likely to leave her, even if she goes through with the abortion† (Hashmi 3). Her final declaration that she is fine is the affirmation that a man cannot dictate her womanhood and her life decisions.   In the end, she becomes the one with the strength and wisdom, understanding that the relationship is forever changed.   The newfound disconnect between the man and the girl will be permanent after this episode, exemplifying the theme of alienation brought by many modern decisions. Though the man believes that the only way to preserve the comfortable relationship is to maintain the status quo, even if it means aborting their baby, the woman disagrees.   The American tries to make himself sound perfectly reasonable and rational, but as the dialogue continues, it becomes clear that he is both selfish and hypocritical (â€Å"Overview: Hills Like White Elephants†). The couple’s disagreement, about something as monumental as creating human life, is a clear sign that they have little that bonds them other than their superficiality.   The girl even comments in the beginning of the story how, â€Å"That’s all we do, isnt it look at things and try new drinks?’† The man responds, â€Å"I guess so† (Hemingway).   Later, when the man claims that everything will be the same after the abortion and the baby is the only thing that made them unhappy, it seems like a statement lacking all truth. The very fact that keeping or aborting a baby is a choice, is a uniquely modern issue.   The reality of having to even consider it completely destroys their carefree lifestyle as travelers in Europe, and underlines their existences as solitary beings alienated from each other.   Ironically, the man claims that he only wants her and no one else, but his statements seem insincere. The girl realizes their alienation from each other and the happiness they once knew with the â€Å"claim that Europe ‘isn’t ours anymore,’ which expresses her knowledge that such an innocent return to a secularized American-in-Europe experience of time is impossible† (Grant 3).   Europe is not theirs to share, seemingly as if enjoyment is also no longer theirs to share.   The complexity of their modern dilemma illustrates the true distance between them. Hemingway’s story is one that could only be written during modern times.   Though not many years removed from the Victorian Age, the themes of abortion, feminine independence, and modern alienation have continued to echo throughout the literature of modernity.   While short and devoid of lengthy descriptions, the dialogue and significant themes give â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† a lasting power that only continues to grow as time goes by. Works Cited: Grant, David. â€Å"Hemingways ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ and the tradition of the American in Europe.† Studies in Short Fiction. Summer, 1998. 25 July 2008. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2455/is_3_35/ai_83585388/pg_3. Hashmi, Nilofer. â€Å"‘Hills Like White Elephants’: The Jilting Of Jig.† The Hemingway Review.   Fall 2003. 25 July 2008. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3786/is_200310/ai_n9334110/pg_3. Hemingway, Ernest. â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants.† The Heath Anthology of American Literature.   Lauter, Paul.   3rd Ed.   Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants.† Short Stories for Students, Vol. 6. The Gale Group, 1999. Lankin, Paul. â€Å"Hemingway’s Hills Like White Elephants.† The Explicator. Summer 2005; v63.

Patriarchy in Shyam Selvadurai’s Pigs Can’t Fly Essay -- Shyam Selvadu

Patriarchy in Shyam Selvadurai’s Pigs Can’t Fly Woman is not born: she is made. She becomes the symbol of this and that: mother of the earth, slut of the universe and in the making, her humanity is destroyed. ~Andrea Dworkin Patriarchy is a universal system in which women are dominated. Women, in continents as diverse as Iran and China, have been subjugated through social measures such as female circumcision and bound feet. Yet as Andrea Dworkin so neatly stated, subjugation often takes more devious forms, through the stereotyping of gender roles, attempts to â€Å"fix† women by stereotyping them as spineless â€Å"natural homemakers† or monstrous hideous figures and thereby justifying patriarchy as through stereotyping men as having more initiative and intelligence. This devious method of subjugating women is similarly reproduced in Shyam Selvandurai’s â€Å"Pigs Can’t Fly†. Although it is ostensibly about a boy’s childhood, I believe that it reinforces patriarchy through the skilful use of characterization, filters, narrators and setting. Before explicating my argument, I would like to clarify a few key terms I have borrowed mostly from Seymour Chatman in analyzing the story. The only exception, characterization, is E.M. Forster’s concept of round and flat characters where flat characters are predictable because they are dominated by a single trait unlike round characters with multiple, sometimes conflicting traits dominating their personality. Filter, here, is used to denote what is commonly known as a character’s point of view. Narrator-characters are characters that function as characters and narrators or otherwise known as first person narrators. It is fascinating to note that the narrator and filter through whom the story u... ...chal constructions of â€Å"correct† female and male behaviour by appealing to natural laws (â€Å"Because the sky is so high and pigs can’t fly†). Arjie’s unhappiness, however, shows implicit criticism of patriarchy as it cannot satisfy him. It is therefore evident that â€Å"Pigs Can’t Fly† is not a simple story about a child’s growing up process. Its adept use of various elements of discourse pushes it beyond a simple narrative into the realm of a mature narrative whose ambiguous meanings (over its support for patriarchy) mirrors a world of uncertainty with no absolutes governing. The story’s refusal to pigeonhole itself is for me, a source of beauty and complexity. Works Cited Selvadurai, Shyam. "Pigs Can't Fly." Funny Boy. New York: Vintage, 1995: 1-40. Chatman, Seymour. Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell UP, 1978. Patriarchy in Shyam Selvadurai’s Pigs Can’t Fly Essay -- Shyam Selvadu Patriarchy in Shyam Selvadurai’s Pigs Can’t Fly Woman is not born: she is made. She becomes the symbol of this and that: mother of the earth, slut of the universe and in the making, her humanity is destroyed. ~Andrea Dworkin Patriarchy is a universal system in which women are dominated. Women, in continents as diverse as Iran and China, have been subjugated through social measures such as female circumcision and bound feet. Yet as Andrea Dworkin so neatly stated, subjugation often takes more devious forms, through the stereotyping of gender roles, attempts to â€Å"fix† women by stereotyping them as spineless â€Å"natural homemakers† or monstrous hideous figures and thereby justifying patriarchy as through stereotyping men as having more initiative and intelligence. This devious method of subjugating women is similarly reproduced in Shyam Selvandurai’s â€Å"Pigs Can’t Fly†. Although it is ostensibly about a boy’s childhood, I believe that it reinforces patriarchy through the skilful use of characterization, filters, narrators and setting. Before explicating my argument, I would like to clarify a few key terms I have borrowed mostly from Seymour Chatman in analyzing the story. The only exception, characterization, is E.M. Forster’s concept of round and flat characters where flat characters are predictable because they are dominated by a single trait unlike round characters with multiple, sometimes conflicting traits dominating their personality. Filter, here, is used to denote what is commonly known as a character’s point of view. Narrator-characters are characters that function as characters and narrators or otherwise known as first person narrators. It is fascinating to note that the narrator and filter through whom the story u... ...chal constructions of â€Å"correct† female and male behaviour by appealing to natural laws (â€Å"Because the sky is so high and pigs can’t fly†). Arjie’s unhappiness, however, shows implicit criticism of patriarchy as it cannot satisfy him. It is therefore evident that â€Å"Pigs Can’t Fly† is not a simple story about a child’s growing up process. Its adept use of various elements of discourse pushes it beyond a simple narrative into the realm of a mature narrative whose ambiguous meanings (over its support for patriarchy) mirrors a world of uncertainty with no absolutes governing. The story’s refusal to pigeonhole itself is for me, a source of beauty and complexity. Works Cited Selvadurai, Shyam. "Pigs Can't Fly." Funny Boy. New York: Vintage, 1995: 1-40. Chatman, Seymour. Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell UP, 1978.

The Killing Floor :: Essays Papers

The Killing Floor Frank Custer leaves his young family in rural Mississippi in pursuit of industrial employment in the northern â€Å"Promised Land† of Chicago, Illinois. Little did he know about the true extent of the journey he was about to embark on. Initially a move to secure work and improve upon the conditions which surrounded him and his family; Frank was about to change more in his life then just his economical status. Immediately upon arriving in the bustling city, Frank and his close friend Thomas gravitate towards other working class African-Americans with similar backgrounds. Unable to read or write, the two men enlist the aide of their local YMCA in finding jobs at a local meat packing plant. Frank’s first encounters at the packinghouse set the tone for what is to entail. Racial tensions combined with aggressions concerning class associated positions boil just barely beneath the surface on the â€Å"killing floor.† Conditions at the meatpacking plant are considerably less then favorable. The hours are long, the work is backbreaking, and the position in which he works does not pay very well. However, Frank’s compensation for these conditions are his relationships with the other men whom he lives near and works around. Spending his evenings playing cards and talking with the men introduces Frank to more then just a little relaxation; issues about politics, race relations, and especially the â€Å"white man’s union† dominate the colorful conversations. During this time I’m amazed at how Frank refuses to let himself get dragged into blindly believing the popular opinions in which his peers hold. He lives an honest life and pursues in finding the whole story beneath the surface of the current topics. Frank consistently demonstrates that he will not settle with â€Å"keeping his place† as is expected of him. It appears as if the people he encounters from day to day are trying to keep segregation and the â€Å"Old South† alive. His peers along with members of the community are dissatisfied with the decisions and alliances with which Frank is making. They feel that the strides he is taking to improve himself i.e., saving money and purchasing a butcher knife, exhibiting real enthusiasm in learning the tricks of new trades, and joining the â€Å"white man’s union†, are unnecessary and a blatant demonstration of selling out to the white community.

“Catcher In the Rye” by J.D. Salinger Essay

In the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield is troubled and needs the help of someone close to him to stop his downward spiral. His troubles cloud his mind and make it difficult for him to succeed in school, and to operate in the real world. Many try to give him advice to make him realize the errors he is making so he can correct them before there are serious effects. His sister, Phoebe, really offers the contrast to Holden and his immaturity and unrealistic beliefs. She tries giving him the advice that would end the freefall he is in. Phoebes advice is the only possible solution to help Holden, and his acceptance or denial will ultimately decide his future, whether he knows it or not. Phoebe is more mature than Holden, and she is six years younger than him. She understands that, despite what Holden thinks, growing up is necessary and inevitable. Holden has Peter Pan mentality, in that he doesnt want to grow up because he feels that adulthood corrupts the innocent minds of children. Phoebe tells Holden that he is just being ignorant and unrealistic, and that he has to grow up. She gets angry with him and tells him that he is too negative and that he doesnt like anything. She tells him to say one thing he liked, and the only thing he can think of is Allie, and Phoebe reminds him that he is dead. Phoebe makes Holden realize that his negative, immature, and pessimistic views have caused him to hold on to only the memory of his brother and caused him to shut out everything else. Holden wishes to stay young so that he can feel closer to his brother. Holden has realized how he has been secluding himself, rather than accepting others because of Phoebes advice to grow up, but he doesnt accept the advice. Phoebe continues to pepper him with questions to help pull him out of his state of constant negativity, but he continually answers her by beating around the bush so he can avoid dealing with his problems. He knows deep down Phoebe is right because he is seriously trying to think of something he likes, but he cant. He knows that his sister is trying to help, but he doesnt want it because he is still clinging to the hope that he can stay young and help others stay children forever. His insecurities, exposed by Phoebe, lead him to shut himself out from Phoebe as well and now he is just about unapproachable by any that want to help himPhoebe tries to help  Holden by telling him what he has done, and he denies the advice and help because he knows she is right. Holden wants her to be wrong, but he knows she is right. If Holden had just accepts the help, he would avoid the ultimate depression he falls into. Phoebes assessment of Holden was right on, but it doesnt make a difference, despite the truth in it. Holden had created such a negative perspective of adulthood and such a grand perspective of childhood, which he doesnt want to let go of. Phoebe knew what needed to be said, and she said it, but Holden wouldnt listen, and his ignorance led to his downfall at the end of the story. Holden had the chance to be stopped from plummeting to a miserable place, but he ignores the opportunities. Many people give him good advice, especially his sister, and he rejects it. His refusal to be saved from himself and his views causes him to end up in a mental institute. In the end, it was Holdens childish mentality, which he clings to so dearly, that causes him to miss several chances to be rescued. Bibliography:Catcher in The Rye(No Sources other than the book used)

French Webquest

French Webquest Language classes are as fun or as boring as the teacher and students make them. Grammar drills, vocabulary tests, and pronunciation labs are the basis of many successful language classes, but its also good to incorporate some creative interaction, and projects can be just the thing.A webquest is an interesting project for French classes or for independent studiers looking to spice up their self-instruction. This project is perfect as a long-term activity for intermediate and advanced students, though it can also be adapted for beginners.ProjectResearch various topics related to French, to be shared as a paper, website, and/or oral presentationInstructions Decide whether students will work individually or in groupsReview my list of potential subjects, below, and decide whether students will choose their own topic(s) or be assignedExplain the purpose of a webquest: to gather information via the internet that will be shared in whatever format(s) the teacher chooses. If a website is desired, consider having students use the PowerPoint templates provided on Abouts Presentation Software site, which are accompanied by detailed, step-by-step instructionsExplain about plagiarism and the importance of citing sources. For example, students are welcome to link to any of the material on this or other websites, but should not copy text to their own sites or in their papers.Pass out a list of required/optional sections, the desired length, and any other guidelinesStudents do the webquest, then write up reports, create websites, and/or prepare oral presentationsAfter all presentations, students could write a summary or comparison of other presentatio ns TopicsTopic(s) can be assigned by the teacher or chosen by the students. Each student or group can do an in-depth study of one topic, such as the Acadà ©mie franà §aise, or a comparison of two or more topics, such as the difference between the Acadà ©mie franà §aise and the Alliance franà §aise. Or they might choose several topics and just answer a few questions about each of them. Here are some possible topics, with a few basic questions to consider - the teacher and/or students should use this just as a starting point. Acadà ©mie franà §aise: What is this organization? When was it created? Has its purpose changed over time?Alliance franà §aise: What is this organization? When was it created? Has its purpose changed over time?Celebrations and Holidays: What are some important holidays in France and other French-speaking countries? How do they compare to your countrys holidays?Differences between French and English: What are some key differences?Fluency: What is fluency? Why is it hard to define?French in English: How has French influenced English?French-Speaking Celebrities: Choose several celebrities and explain why they speak FrenchFrench Gestures: Are any similar to those in your country? Are any the same gesture with a different meaning?Introduction to French: How did French evolve? What languages is it related to?Jobs Using French: What kind of work is speaking French useful for?Living Working in France: How can a person live and work in France?Moroccan Culture: What are some interesting as pects of Moroccan culture? Is there anything shocking?La Nà ©gritude: What is Nà ©gritude? How and where did it evolve? Who were the trois pà ¨res? Who were some other key participants?Register: What are the various French registers? Provide examples of words in each oneThe Rude French: Are the French rude? Why or why not? Where does this stereotype come from?Spanish vs French: How are they similar/different? Is one easier than the other?Translation and Interpretation : What is the difference? How are they similar?Verlan: What is it?What is French? Facts and Figures: Where is French spoken? By how many people?What Is the Best Way to Learn French?: Compare and contrast the various methodsWhy learn French: How can it help you? Notes The collective webquests will offer an extensive collection of material about French, which can be shared with other teachers, parents, and potential students.

Technology Being Digital

Technology Being Digital People are always ready to embrace and adopt new technologies. This can be explained by people’s behavior of trying to comprehend electronic content, computers and the internet by reading content that gives guideline on this.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Technology: Being Digital specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different age groups of people engage in diversified reading with regard to technology all in an effort of getting more knowledge and insight on how to go about using the present modes of technology. The bits are bits idea by Negroponte shows how larger components can be transformed into minor segments which can be easily accessed with the help of computers. Everything that is tangible in form has been converted in bits that can be accessed from a computer. To start with, there were the actual objects like books and CDs. Later, these were converted into computer software that enhanced accessibility across the globe. As a result of this, the world has become a small village referred to as â€Å"the global village†. This way, people from different corners of life are able to interact and share ideas that have been translated into bits and can be accessed from the computer. Digital technology reduces time and money. Previously, before the world became digitalized, the entire economic telecommunications model relied on charges per minute, per bits (data) or per mile. The disruption of human to human interactions due to digitalization has resulted into timelessness since one does not need to spend a lot of time trying to get in touch with someone else who may be overseas. This has been achieved by the fact that the world is a global village thus transmitting information does not have to rely on time and money. A click of the mouse is enough to have the information appearing on every computer in the world. Face book is a perfect example of this, one can post any kind of infor mation that will be accessed by a large number of people without having to incur expenses or spend a lot of time. The conversion of the world into a digital world meant no distance, no time consumption and therefore fast delivery of computer content. For example, music, which was delivered in five hours, is currently delivered in no more than five seconds. The same case applies to movies and distance. The movement from New York to London has been made easy by the presence of the satellite. The act of being digital makes it possible for people to create atoms (books, CDs and related tangible objects) from bits (computerized data) and bits from atoms.Advertising Looking for essay on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means that technology can be used to achieve an intended effect like in desktop conferencing. The use of bits from atoms is cheaper as compared with obtaining the actual atoms, which ar e things like books, CDs, et cetera, since there are no middlemen. In addition, no distance is covered. Negroponte has used his wired column of being digital as an example to show how technology transmits information in the simplest form more efficiently and effectively. However, being digital has disrupted the structure of the society and cultural values. This is because, as the world becomes a global village, cultural values from a different society are assimilated and this dilutes the originally held cultural values. Digital technology is also associated with refined and less detailed information as most of the wired columns lack illustrations. High-definition televisions have destroyed broadcasting power. Ownership of bits in the digital world is not certain. This is because there are no copyright laws to protect the ones who make the bits’ inventories and as a result, bits’ cost, ownership and interaction with people are usually up for grabs. One can find e-books and download movies and music from the internet without giving credit to the owner. This way, the author or producer of a book, film or movie fails to get his or her rightful compensation. The contemporary world is an ultimate reflection of how Negroponte viewed it. Everything has become digitalized and a recent example is the world cup where people could actually refer to the match from the internet days after due to availability of bits with regard to the match. The fact that books, music and movies can be easily obtained from the internet is a show that technology is a great referencing point that can be used to source for information and events with ease.

Utilitarian, Libertarian, Deontological, And Virtue Ethics Perspectives

Utilitarian, Libertarian, Deontological, And Virtue Ethics Perspectives An ethical dilemma is a situation that involves conflicts between moral principles in which obeying one ultimately results to transgression of the other. The utilitarian ethical perspective holds that a good course of action maximizes happiness for the parties involved, and therefore the moral worth of a certain action is determined by its outcome.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Utilitarian, Libertarian, Deontological, And Virtue Ethics Perspectives specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Libertarian ethical principles hold that individuals have the right to be respected and the only limit to an individuals ability to enjoy these rights is the obligation to respect others’ basic rights. Deontological theories are also referred to as duty-based ethics. In deontology, morality is judged through examining the nature of the actions and the will of the individuals to do the right thing. Drawing judgment from an indi viduals will and control of certain actions is based on the argument that the future is not controllable. Virtue ethics perspective emphasizes on the influence of character traits and moral virtues toward the resultant ethical behavior.1 For the utilitarian principle, completion of the project could give a team a satisfaction for its achievement. Melanie and other members of her team were putting in extra time to ensure that the project was completed and launched in a few weeks. Several individuals at Zagante were forced to put in extra working hours to complete their assignments related to the software code project. Some dedicated members of the staff were forced to sleep in their cubicles because of the demands of their assignments. Melanies hard work was aimed at ensuring a successful launch of the product together with hopes for promotion to the projects senior vice president.2 On the contrary, considering the deontological theory, Melanie and the team were working on TerraPix 2 .0 map-making software meant for enhancing topographical view for the oil companies. Technology related companies in the region had suffered in the previous two years and Zagante was not exception. Although the company survived through the hard time, it was affected financially thus forcing its management to freeze the hiring process. This meant that although the present employees were lucky to retain their jobs, they had to work extremely hard to ensure that the product was a success. In an effort to maintain their jobs, zagante staff was exploited through the requirement to put in extra time and effort at the minimal pay.3Advertising Looking for case study on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the process of carrying out evaluations for her team members, Melanies comparison between Tom’s and Jeremy’s profiles is a dilemma. This brings into focus the virtue ethics. Although both candidates disp layed outstanding qualities, Tom’s profile was more striking professionally but Melanie leaned on Jeremy’s side because she considered him as a close friend. On the contrary, considering libertarian principle, Melanie caught Jeremy programming a game instead of working on the running project, TerraPix. Later on, Jeremy admitted that he was working on a project he had picked from his brother-in-law’s company. His brother in laws company was pressured by the need to complete the programs before the commencement of a certain trade show. According to Jeremy, the offer, that includes the payment was good such that he could not decline. Melanie confronted Jeremy for moonlighting, and inquested to know how he felt about it. According to Melanie, the team had their own project, which might not be as enticing but it was important for the company.4 On the utilitarian principle, Jeremy argued that he was fully engaged in the project and only took the side assignments becau se he felt that he could comfortably handle them off his working hours. According to Jeremy, his brother in law’s company was conversant with his tight schedule at work and were okay with it.5 Melanie was angered because he felt that the best programmer in the organization was on his exit from the company. On the contrary, considering the deontological principles, Melanie continued to question Jeremy if he would take up the opportunity if they offered a full time position and whether he was happy in his current job. Jeremy took up the side job to have fun, break the monotony of doing the same thing day in day out, and he was interested in gaming from childhood. In addition, he was learning new techniques which could be helpful to Zagante in the future. For example, he said that he was learning to use MAX 4 modelling tool, which at some point zagante had considered checking it out.6 According to Simons, straightforward ethical decisions are meant for enhancing both short-term and long-term benefits of the growth of the business.7Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Utilitarian, Libertarian, Deontological, And Virtue Ethics Perspectives specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ethics are aimed at protecting and maintaining a good business and individuals reputation. For example values like honesty, conscientiousness, and integrity create a connection between ethical principles and the expected business activities. Jeremy’s need for extra income to support his family brings in the deontological principle. Melanie demanded to know the precise reason as to why Jeremy decided to take up the extra work. Was it because working at Zagante had become monotonous or for the need of the money. Jeremy made it clear that he was not sacrificing to be away from his family , especially the newborn for fun, but it was because life was becoming expensive day in day out. In addition the fact that his wife w as not going to work for some time meant that he had to provide for the entire household solely. In the interest of the company and Jeremy (utilitarian principle), Melanie requested Jeremy to focus on terrapix because they expected his entire devotion to enhance successful launching of the project. Melanie promised to keep the secret of Jeremys moonlighting so far as Jeremy would not do anything that would jeopardize the success of the project and his reputation.8 Appropriate ethical behavior acts as a guideline to what may be considered in a business organization as the right course of action. According to American Psychiatric Association, decisions made for proper business management are never ethical even in situations in which they seem to adhere to the required ethical principles.9 Ethical decisions are considered to be right when they in conflict with important business decisions. The awareness of the existing conflict justifies the decision. In the process of safeguarding the interest of the company, deontological principle , Melanie carried out research in an effort to understand the consequences of moonlighting. Melanie found out about a case involving a supervisor from the city water department. The supervisor operated an irrigation business besides his job and had used his employers resources to carry out his personal work. Melanie related this to Jeremy’s case whereby he was using Zagantes computers to carry out his personal tasks. In another case, a teacher moonlighted as a stripper in which although she enjoyed doing it, it was not beneficial to her toward her growth managerially. Jeremys case still bothered her. This is because he moonlighted for a company which was not a competitor meaning that he had little to gain from the side job and he was using Zagantes resources (computer). But onto her fears, Melanie was not ready to fire Jeremy because the company could not afford to lose such a talent. Melanie considered that moonlighting could not earn Jeremy a promotion and after his search, there was no other case of an individual who had been promoted for moonlighting.10Advertising Looking for case study on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In situations where an organization does not regulate a certain behavior, its activities can be regulated by external policies. For the virtue ethics, Melanie further inquested from the companys human resource director, Jill Darby, if there were any policies on employees moonlighting. Melanie lied that there was no one involved in moonlighting, but she was only concerned because the issue came up with her team. Jill confirmed that the company did not have any policies. However, according to Jill, the state has stipulated clear rules about it, in addition to the vacuum created by the incomplete agreement signed when one is hired. In business organizations, there should be a coincidence between the quest for personal interests and ethical behavior.11 Covering up of behavior is usually harmful to the business in the long run. When Jill asked whether the company was facing a potential problem, Melanie covered up for Jeremy and lied that her team was a source of solutions and not problem s. Melanie explained that her concern was fueled by frustration of her team members because of bare minimal pay rises in the entire year. Melanie tried to explain that although employees understand the financial situation of the company, they could take up side jobs to meet their financial needs. To solve the employees financial strains, Jill referred Melanie to Aaron who could offer low interest rate loans to employees who were in a fix.12 Virtue Ethics Perspective The ethical dilemma presented by the case study can be solved using the virtue ethics principles. A behavior which is detrimental to the business in the short term but enhances growth of the business in the long term should be encouraged. According to Grace and Cohen, the ideas acquired from such practices can be used in redefining the business.13 Changing of the new ideas into a profession enables the business to benefit from the inventions. As Melanie thought about Jeremy, she gathered that he was faithful to the compa ny, he had worked there for five years, earned promotions and importantly enjoyed working for the company. She informed David and Marc that Frank Lloyd was fired for moonlighting. According to David, that was a bad managerial decision that most probably his boss regretted for a long time. Melanie said that she was not going to fire Jeremy because moonlighting was kind of normal to programmers. David supported her idea by explaining that when he worked at way bridge associates, the architects had side businesses of designing houses that paid less. In these circumstances, virtue ethics principle allows Jeremy to carry out the side business as far as it does not affect his performance in the project. Melanie asked whether these side businesses affected their jobs and David said that it had no effect because it was expected. In addition, moonlighting for the architects gave the firm a reason to pay the architects less than their worth. However, side jobs enabled the architects to learn new ideas and bring them into the project.14 In conclusion, Melanie called jeremy in her office and explained to him that the company could give low interest loans and thus he would not be required to take up side jobs. Jeremy declined the offer and Melanie was upset because the side job was not beneficial to the project. In addition, she was afraid of the implications of Jeremy’s moonlighting to the rest of the team. Jeremy did not care about the effect of his actions to the rest of the team.15 He considered them as grown ups who were obligated to perform their duties. In addition, Jeremy considered that so long as he performed his duties to meet the projects expectations, it was not important to the team and the management on what he did with time out of the office. Melanie was agitated by this statement and realized that it was time for her and the organization to fire Jeremy. In trying to offer Jeremy a solution to his financial constraints, Melanie did not consider other interests Jeremy derived from taking the side job and this made them to fall apart.16 Value Ethics Bibliography American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Pub. 1994. Drumwright, Minette, and Murphy, Patrick. â€Å"How Advertising Practitioners View Ethics: Moral Muteness, Moral Myopia, and Moral Imagination.† Journal of Advertising, 33 (2004): 7-24. Grace, Damian and Cohen, Stephen. Business Ethics: Australian Problems and Cases. 2 Ed. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998. Hinman, Lawrence. Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1994. Rachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993. Robinson, Mary 2000, Business and Human Rights: A Progress Report. PDF File. 8 August 2012. Sandel, Michael. â€Å"The Case Against Perfection.† The Atlantic Monthly (April 2004): 1-11. Savulescu, J et al. â€Å"Why We Should Al low Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sport.† British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38 (2004): 666-670. Simons, Paul. Be Interested in the People You Serve and Your Life Will Be Happy†, Fourth Annual Lecture. Sydney: St. James Ethics Centre. 1994. Singer, Peter. Practical Ethics. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1993. Footnotes 1 Savulescu, J. et al. â€Å"Why We Should Allow Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sport.† British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38 (2004): p. 669. 2 Savulescu, J et al. â€Å"Why We Should Allow Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sport.† British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38 (2004): 669. 3 James, Rachels. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993. p. 226. 4 Minette, Drumwright, and Murphy, Patrick. â€Å"How Advertising Practitioners View Ethics: Moral Muteness, Moral Myopia, and Moral Imagination.† Journal of Advertising, 33 (2004): 7-24. 5 Robinson, Mary 2000, Business and Human Rights: A Progress Report. PDF Fi le. 8 August 2012. https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/BusinessHRen.pdf 6 Minette, Drumwright, and Murphy, Patrick. â€Å"How Advertising Practitioners View Ethics: Moral Muteness, Moral Myopia, and Moral Imagination.† Journal of Advertising, 33 (2004): 7-24. 7 Simons, Paul. Be Interested in the People You Serve and Your Life Will Be Happy†, Fourth Annual Lecture. Sydney: St. James Ethics Centre. 1994. p.16. 8 Lawrence, Hinman. Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1994. 9 James, Rachels. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993. p.56 10 Michael, Sandel. â€Å"The Case Against Perfection.† The Atlantic Monthly (April 2004): 1-11. 11 Lawrence, Hinman. Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1994.p. 106. 12 Michael, Sandel. â€Å"The Case Against Perfection.† The Atlantic Monthly (April 2004): 1-11. 13 Damian, Grace, and S tephen, Cohen. Business Ethics: Australian Problems and Cases. 2 Ed. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998. p.2 14 Hinman, Lawrence. Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1994. P.211. 15 Singer, Peter. Practical Ethics. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1993. p.183. 16 Lawrence, Hinman. Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1994. p. 304

Management Accounting and Organizational Control Essay

Management Accounting and Organizational Control - Essay Example A production can act as a department, manufacturing plant or a transportation firm. It depends on the work allotted to it. The activities of multiple productions units also will come under operational planning and control. The entity at higher level in the organisation will own all the production units involved. Supply chain system is used to coordinate the activities of all the production of all the production units that belong to higher entity. Now supply chain also comes under operational planning and control.1 Strategic planning and control is a policy that top executives of the company periodically review and plan the processes and in turn pass on down the organisation for the sake of implementation. This implementation involves operational planning and control. This means the OPC is a consequence of strategic planning and control. The OPC is dependent on strategic planning and control. The operations to be conducted depend on the strategies of the management. It includes mission, analysis, , situational analysis, strategic formulation, implementation and control. For the corporate organisation like AG Barr Plc strategy at corporate level with managing a portfolio of businesses is required. 2 A.G. Barr plc is the Britain's leading manufacturer of branded carbonated soft drinks. The products of the company include IRN-BRU, Tizer, D'N'B, and orangina. They have four production sites at Cumbernauld, Mansfield, Atherton and Pitcox. These manufacturing centres are supported by distribution centres that have their presence all over United Kingdom. The company produces variety of flavours in 330 mal cans and Orangina in famous bulby bottle in Atherton production site. Several sizes of PET bottles and containing soft drinks are produced in Cumbernauld and Mansfield production sites. In Cumbernauld site the company is producing 750 ml returnable glass bottle, which was first of its kind in UK. The Mansfield site produces 1 litre, 1.5 litre and 3 litre being exclusive for it. Barr is famous for producing environment friendly packs. Barr acquired Findlays Spring natural mineral water and it was now wholly owned subsidiary of the company. The production unit is at the foot of Lammermuir Hills. The sales centres deliver to small shop counters and distribution centres deliver to super markets, cash and carry and whole sale trade. 3. Evaluation of OPC Process in AG Barr Plc AG Barr is having four production centres and each centre is having its own specific bottle to manufacture. It will be difficult to manufacture all the types of bottles in

Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Criminal Justice - Essay Example (Bassiouni 34) It is not possible for a justice system to have all people accused of committing a crime get a free trial or vice versa. It is not easy to have absolute justice or free trial and getting the opposite maybe a little easier. But we can use the parameter of the percentage of free trials conducted against the unfair trials to determine if it is possible for a crime suspect to get a fair hearing. In my opinion, it is possible for a person accused of crime to get a free trial in the United States and I think a majority actually do. Whether a crime suspect gets a free trial depends on the following requirements. A free trial requires: All parties involved in a criminal trial have the right to examine all the witnesses. Everyone is entitled to examine or have examined the witnesses under the same conditions. The crime suspect should have unlimited right to obtain the compulsory attendance of witnesses and under similar conditions of the prosecution side. In free trial the most examined specific guarantee is the right of the criminal to be provided with legal counsel. (Planck 3)The person accused of crime should also be able to communicate with his or her legal counsel. It is also important that a fair balance is struck between the amount and availability of legal counsel to parties to the case. The suspect should get the same amount of legal counsel as the prosecution side. In the American justice system, if a suspect cannot afford an attorney, one is provided for by the state. So as to avoid arbitrariness and bias that can potentially arise from a criminal trial, the proceedings should be conducted by a competent and neutral judge. The institutions in charge of the proceedings should also have the same principles and characteristics. (Bassiouni 34) In my opinion the American justice system fulfils the above requirements needed for a fair trial to a person suspected of a crime. This position is however not absolute since

Writer's choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Writer's choice - Essay Example It has shifted from the less severe form into explicit content. The paper will analyze some of the characteristics of sex in the media. These characteristics are both beneficial and harmful at the same time. The media sexual content can affect the behavior of any age group. However, it is an accepted belief that adolescents are more vulnerable to media content than the rest. Adolescence marks the stage in which the gender roles and sexual behaviors are shaped. Adolescents easily imitate the behavior of their favorite pop idol; their dressing, and actions. The media has a lot of sexual content directed to them thus, influencing their sexual behavior. Teenagers at this stage tend to copy almost everything showed in the media as they try to develop their identity. Today’s media has been linked with several cases of early pregnancies among the teenagers. The media presents sex in a way that it appears casual. For instance, sex scenes are common in most films streamed by the mainstream media. It is made to appear as if not a big deal and that it is commonly done by everyone. However, the consequences such as an unplanned pregnancy and STDs are rarely shown. Sexual contents can remain in a teenager thought for a long time. The greater the exposure, the more they are likely to be affected by them (Brown, 2002). The media has failed to emphasize on safe sex. Studies show that the more the young people are exposed to sexual contents, the more they are likely to engage in unsafe sex. In the modern age, it is hard to reduce the exposure of the young people to sexual content. Most adolescents end up imitating the sexual behaviors and rely on the media as the sole source of sex education. These youths are most likely to have meaningless sex while disregarding the possible physical and emotional effects of such behaviors. The depiction of sex in the media provides a false expectation of satisfaction that may result in depression

Critical book review of How Democratic is the American Constitution by Essay

Critical book review of How Democratic is the American Constitution by Dahl - Essay Example reas where reforms and improvements can be brought about all these are mentioned and discussed in the book making up for the positive angle of the book. Extensive research undertaken towards the addressing of the different domains and angles and also supporting statements based on the facts and accounts from the history make up for another strength and positive of the book. The potential negatives that may be attributed against this book include the monotone and the technically hardcore angle of politics. It may be taken as relatively boring for those who may not have larger interest of following of the politics or the history of American political dynamics that have changed over period of time through the journey of centuries. The book covers the issues of different angles and domains adequately. The fact the book covers the areas that are the desire and wishes of the ordinary citizens of the America makes this book the best recipe towards the American political framework understanding. The second fact that the book also highlights the need of improvement and possible reforms based on which the constitution of America can be further reformed and revamped towards fulfilling the needs of modern times and modern world. The book makes claims and supports its claims based on the facts and events and accounts given from the past and the existing textual context of American constitution that is presently existent and in working. The issue that is often discussed and debated with regard to the autonomy and power sharing of Supreme Court of United States of America is also brought into discussion. The possible striking of balance between the different institutions of the American state also make up for the essential issue being discussed and mentioned in the book. The mention and the critical analysis of the Census undertaken early in the 21st century have also been highlighted and mentioned with regard to its significance and its overall impact on the political and

The appendices of Poster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The appendices of Poster - Essay Example It owns several cash & carry clubs, forecourt stores, discount department stores, discount stores, hypermarkets and supermarkets. It is a publicly traded organization and its shares are listed in the London and Irish Stock markets. The company was founded by Jack Cohen, in 1919 (Tesco Plc, 2011). The current CEO of the organization is Philip Clarke and its chairman is Richard Broadbent (Tesco Plc, 2014b). The company sells goods and services of various brands but at the same time it also acquires its own range of product lines. The primary products and services of the company are books, furniture, clothing, electronics; financial, telecoms, internet services and DVD rental services; petrol and software and many other products. Since, its inception, the business of the company has significantly grown up and at present it operates in more than twelve major economies in the world. With rise in scope and scale of business, the customer base of the company has also expanded across all mar ketplaces and the gross employment generated by the concern has increased. It is estimated that Tesco generates employment opportunities for approximately 530,000 individuals around the world. The company claims that all important decisions are undertaken according to the vision statement. Tesco acquires multiple superior assets in business and its activities ensure utility maximization of its business stakeholders. It uses innovative ideas in business with which it provides high quality services and this has helped it gain loyalty of customers. The company claims that it prioritises on doing the right thing for its colleagues, customers and the communities and it has gained high brand value in the market only with such initiatives (Needle, 2010). Many economists claim that an institution affects the business outcomes of concerns and are hence susceptible for analysis. It is the set of social, legal, economic and political conventions that institutes the

Critical book review of How Democratic is the American Constitution by Essay

Critical book review of How Democratic is the American Constitution by Dahl - Essay Example reas where reforms and improvements can be brought about all these are mentioned and discussed in the book making up for the positive angle of the book. Extensive research undertaken towards the addressing of the different domains and angles and also supporting statements based on the facts and accounts from the history make up for another strength and positive of the book. The potential negatives that may be attributed against this book include the monotone and the technically hardcore angle of politics. It may be taken as relatively boring for those who may not have larger interest of following of the politics or the history of American political dynamics that have changed over period of time through the journey of centuries. The book covers the issues of different angles and domains adequately. The fact the book covers the areas that are the desire and wishes of the ordinary citizens of the America makes this book the best recipe towards the American political framework understanding. The second fact that the book also highlights the need of improvement and possible reforms based on which the constitution of America can be further reformed and revamped towards fulfilling the needs of modern times and modern world. The book makes claims and supports its claims based on the facts and events and accounts given from the past and the existing textual context of American constitution that is presently existent and in working. The issue that is often discussed and debated with regard to the autonomy and power sharing of Supreme Court of United States of America is also brought into discussion. The possible striking of balance between the different institutions of the American state also make up for the essential issue being discussed and mentioned in the book. The mention and the critical analysis of the Census undertaken early in the 21st century have also been highlighted and mentioned with regard to its significance and its overall impact on the political and

KLM airlanes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

KLM airlanes - Research Paper Example is facility (Meet & Seat) allows travelers to choose who should be seated next to them by forwarding a request through company’s the newly implemented reservation system†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. KLM airlines hugely depends upon online social media networks to market its services worldwide†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. The company offers numerous free benefits like free airport transfers to its members†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. KLM Royal Dutch Airlines or simply KLM airlines is the flag carrier airline of Netherlands. Although KLM was founded by Albert Plesman on 7th October 1919, the company originally commenced its operations on 17th May 1920 by operating its first flight from London to Amsterdam (‘History’ KLM, para.1). The company is headquartered at Amstelveen. The KLM airlines carry out scheduled passenger and cargo services worldwide to over 90 destinations. The organization possessed workforce strength of 31,787 people as of 31st March 2010. KLM airlines is the world’s oldest airline still using its original name. As specified in Plunkett’s almanac, KLM Cityhopper, Martinair, and Transavia.com are the major subsidiaries of KLM airlines. This paper will discuss the recent marketing activities at KLM airlines in detail. While analyzing the recent marketing activities at KLM airlines, it is clear that the company increasingly focuses on social media marketing, because the management believes that social media marketing is the most cost effective way to promote company services worldwide. In order to take advantages of online social media marketing, recently the company has created three marketing campaigns namely KLM Surprise, Tile & Inspire, and Live Reply. Under the KLM Surprise campaign, the firm tries to reach out to its passengers with intent to reward them for remaining with the company. For this purpose, the company extensively used social media monitoring to identify individuals who mentioned KLM in their check-in. The company located those persons and presented them small

Prior Knowledge Deficit Essay Example for Free

Prior Knowledge Deficit Essay Prior knowledge comes from visual experiences, seeing those mental pictures of a subject. Prior knowledge comes before understanding what readers read, or understanding the subject. A deficit in prior knowledge inhibits student learning by taking away their educational experiences and replacing them with standardized testing. To begin with, prior knowledge plays an important role in enabling students to learn to read, and to read to learn. First, learning to read starts in kindergarten and continues through third grade, where teachers use books called primers. Primers teach students how to read because they tell stories about subjects that students already have visual experience with, such as family, friends, food, pets, or games. Since students know the basic information about such subjects, when they are being taught how to read, they understand the primers. Finally, when students enter fourth grade, they begin reading textbooks to learn about science and social studies. These students developed prior knowledge of science and social studies from kindergarten through third grade, when they attended field trips to zoos and museums, watched educational films, and completed science projects. If they learned this basic information about the natural world of science, and about the human world of social studies, students are able to understand their textbooks. As a result, they can add new knowledge to further their education. Additionally, many students struggle with the prior knowledge deficit because of standardized testing. First of all, standardized testing takes time away from educational experience by using all the time and money on the tests. Teachers use the time on teaching students how to become test takers, instead of educating them in different experiences of the world. In the past, schools would take students on field trips to teach them mostly about science, and social studies. However, such field trips cost a lot of money; money that is currently being used on standardized tests. On one hand, traditional education consisted of students reading and writing to understand and explain the knowledge of the world. On the other hand, now day’s students are test takers, and they use their reading and writing skills for the test, just like knowledge is used to memorize all the information without understanding it. Teachers need to focus on this method because they are evaluated by the student s test scores. To summarize, prior knowledge deficit hinders students learning by taking away their educational experiences and focusing their time on standardized testing. A solution to the prior knowledge deficit is for teachers to dedicate more time on teaching students about subjects that will be used later on in further education, rather than teaching students how to become test takers.

Work and employment

Work and employment Work is the most important thing in life. From all the trouble, for all the ills you can find only one escape at work. Hemingway Life without work is not possible. People spend most of life time at work, position at work shows persons position in life, good career position shows persons achievements in life. Also work is persons identity: it means that profession and sphere of work influence person the most, it determines his knowledge, his view points and also a way to show who a person is. Work is something where people constantly discover themselves, their potential, their character and talants it is a mean of self-identification. It is necessary to point out the view of sociologist William Julius Wilson about the impact of employment on people: In the absence of regular employment, a person lacks not only a place in which to work and the receipt of regular income but also a coherent organization of the present that is a concrete system of expectations and goals.Regular employment provides the anchor for the spatial and temporal aspects of daily life.It determines where you are going to be and when you are going to be there.In the absence of regular employment, life, including family life, becomes less coherent.Persistent unemployment, and irregular employment hinder rational planning in daily life, a necessary condition of adaptation to an industrial economy. (Dubin, R 1998) The work a very important part of life, a working man gets colleagues, perhaps with friends, he has a sense of community with fellow workers, the purpose and schedule of the day, its status allows us to determine among others, gives a sense of dignity, a pride in personal achievements. Most every conversation with a previously unknown person begins with the words: In what area do you work?. According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, published by the United Nations, the right to work is one of the most important rights of every person. However, this right is not always guaranteed. Job stability depends on many things starting with the state of the local economy and ending the situation in the world market.Nevertheless, when people lose their jobs or when they face this danger, the consequence are often protests, riots and strikes. What is a good job?Of course, everyone has their own opinion on this issue.For some good work is the use of advanced technology, freedom of ideas and participation in future projects.For someone a stable job, a good team and career prospects.Moreover, one of the key points of the company is to create better conditions for work, which correspond to the expectations of employees. The role of work in human and social development lies not only in creating the material and spiritual values, but that in the work man himself reveals his ability to acquire useful skills, complements and enriches the knowledge.The creative nature of work is reflected in the emergence of new ideas, advanced technologies, more sophisticated and high-performance tools, new products, materials, energy, which, in turn, lead to the development needs. While working people enter the social and labor relations, interacting with each other. Social relations allow to determine the social significance, role, place and social position of individuals and groups. It is important to point out the main reasons of importance of work. Economical reasons: work is a mean of earning for each person. Employment means a stable earning to person, his financial independence, and confidence in good and safe life. Nowadays employment gives also a lot of social guarantees and assurances, like medical insurance, paid vacation and so on. Employers often try to create better conditions for work of talented and skilled professionals, offers a high salary and a variety of incentive programs for employees.Employers are concerned about creating comfortable conditions for work, pay for lunch and sports activities for employees these are social and economic preferences of employed people.. Psychological reasons : work not only generates income but also contributes to psychological well-being.The work satisfies the desire to be a useful member of society and have meaning in life.In addition, from it to some extent depends on self-esteem.Therefore, someone who has more money than enough to meet their needs or who are eligible to retire, still prefers to work.Yes, work is so important that its absence usually entail serious social problems. The word work has always been associated with emotions. As a psychologist I. EB Duvoye said: Going back to work, you should be pleased by the work itself and from the fact that the world needs it. With these lives the heavens, and they are as close as you can to reach them. Without this with work that youhate, which is solid boredom, and which does not need the world your life hell. () Sociological reasons: social activity of the same importance for the maintenance of human health, as sports, diet or medication.Each person understand how important it is to be in a social group and identify themselves with any particular group. The study of British and Australian scientists published the London newspaper The Daily Express shows that active communication within different social groups and communities reduces the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and even influenza. Many diseases, first of all, are the psychological consequence of lack of positive communication rights. (Dubin, R 1998) When person is employed, he fulfills certain economic and social role in the society. Different people can fulfill different kinds of work, and it is important to note that all the professions and all workers are important for society. Also, work and employment are connected with the term social division of labor the process of separating different types of work between different members of society and social groups, the simultaneous coexistence and interaction of different types of work. So, being employed person gets a certain position in the society, he becomes of certain value and importance for society. On the professional basis people unite together in r groups, that is always people engaged in the same type of work.So when person chooses his working sphere and place, he becomes accepted into a certain group of people with their own ethical norms, rules, principles, values and lifestyles. Also, employment and work make people dependent on society and country, on economic and political situation in it. Employed person becomes dependent on countrys policy of employment, he begins to have certain rights and responsibilities. So, work and employment make people both dependent and independent, but anyway work is an integral part of human life. Works cited: Woodd M. 2000. The psychology of career theory a new perspective?.Career, No5, pp. 273-80 R.Dubin. 1998. The World Of Work: Industrial Society and Human Relations, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliff, NJ E.Lee. 1996. Globalization and employment, International Labour Review, Vol. 135 No.5, pp.485-498. Alan Fox.1998. Beyond Contract: Work, Power and Trust Relations. Farber and Farber Lisa K. Berger,Sonya K. Sedivy, Ron A. Cisler. 2009. The Influence of Work Environment Stressors and Individual Social Vulnerabilities on Employee Problem Drinking. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, Vol.9, No.3,July 2009, pp. 263 281

From Individualism to Unionism: The Changing Meaning of Freedom in Amer

From Individualism to Unionism: The Changing Meaning of Freedom in America In 1893, when Frederick Jackson Turner delivered his speech on the significance of frontier at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, he was addressing an audience that had witnessed the drastic changes that swept through the country over the past sixty or so years. The United States had gone from the agrarian nation of Jefferson’s vision—one with a relatively balanced division of wealth, a population of homogenous skilled workers, and a narrow definition of equality based on a broad definition of freedom—to the highly industrialized urban nation glorified by the World’s Fair itself—one of polarized wealth, vast and increasing numbers of unassimilated, unskilled workers, and a demand for a return to the old equality at the expense of the old concept of freedom. Turner’s thesis was threaded with observations of these changes, and made an attempt to account for them in terms of the changing geography of America. â€Å"Each frontie r did indeed furnish a new field of opportunity, a gate of escape from the bondage of the past; and freshness, and confidence, and scorn of older society, impatience of its restraints and its ideas,† Turner wrote (Turner, 17). Viewed from this perspective, freedom in pre-industrial frontier America was freedom from a dominant and centralized federal government and towards what Turner termed â€Å"that restless, nervous energy; that dominant individualism† (Turner, 17). This definition is supported by writers like William Legget, and John C. Calhoun, who argued against the consolidation of broad political power in the hands of a few. However, that kind of freedom hinged on the opportunity for economic mobility for those seeking it,... ...y which to govern it. The open frontier provided an outlet away from government and towards the individual, both politically and economically. On the most practical level, cheap land, requiring little capital investment, was always available in the territories and they offered a constant opportunity for economic advance as a result. Politically, the idea of frontier resonated with Americans as a place of almost anarchic individual freedom. The closing of the frontier symbolized both the end of the kind of unregulated economic growth and the distinct meaning of freedom that had been the hallmarks of the 19th Century. Works Cited Riis, Jacob. How the Other Half Lives. New York: Dover, 1971. Turner, Frederick Jackson. â€Å"The Significance of Frontier in American History.† In The Frontier in American History. . 1-17.

Nelly Concert Essay -- essays research papers

Nelly Concert   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On Monday March 25, some members of the baseball team, my girlfriend, and I traveled to Murray State University to watch a concert performed by Nelly and the St. Lunatics. It was a terrible night to go anywhere because it was raining and storming the whole way, but there was nothing that was going to stop us from going to the concert. We where all so hyped up about it and couldn’t wait to head out. My brother, who attends Murray State, had gotten us excellent seats about seventy-five feet away from the stage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We got to the Murray about twenty minutes before the concert started. So we headed in to find our seats and wait for the opening band to come out and perform. At about five after eight, the lights went out and it was time for the concert to start. Two guys came out on stage and started to sing. The two guys called themselves Core Project. I thought that this band was pretty awful. I could not understand one word they said the entire time they were on the stage. They just tried to be like every other band to come out right now. They didn’t offer anything different or unique. I must not have been the only one that thought they were bad because there were many people booing and yelling out â€Å"you suck† while they where on stage. After about a twenty minute performance they left the stage and another band came out to perform.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The next band to come out was a group called Thr...

Assessment Sheet Essay

Sheet What are three key things you learned about the Dark Ages in this lesson? Please be sure to include at least two complete sentences for each one. In Norman settlements, Lords controlled the villages as well as ruling and governing their land. Lords were oftentimes knights and served the king Norman settlements were surrounded by a wall that encompassed the lord’s house, and the rest of the village and the lord’s house usually had yet another wall. The village usually contained a stockpile of food, a well, and weapons. The idea is that they would have everything that they needed to survive within the walls, in case of an attack. Old English resembles modern English, but not very closely. One must remember that old English was only a component of the languages that formed together to make modern English. Latin, Celtic and German were blended together and reformed over time to make today’s English. Christianity wasn’t always the main religion of ancient Britain. It only became truly popular and dominant after the romans had been ran out of Britain and the Germanic tribes formed together to make the Anglo-Saxons. Explain two things that you would still like to know about the development of Old English. Please be sure to include at least one complete sentence for each one. I would like to learn more about the Modern English words that show roots in German Latin and Celtic. I would enjoy studying which language our grammar is based off of, and how we mixed certain rules in grammar from different languages. In one paragraph, describe how the language of English evolved during the Dark Ages. What were the influences that changed it over the years? Which ethnic backgrounds were involved in this evolution? Please write at least four sentences for this response. Old English gets its roots from the Celtic language that was spoken in ancient England. The romans invaded, and sent the Celtic population north and into Ireland. The clashes with the romans brought a little Latin into the language. When the Germanic tribes invaded the language also adopted a little German and the mix was known as Old English.

Hamlet’s Madness

â€Å"I am but mad north-northwest: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw† (Foakes 213). This is a classic example of the â€Å"wild and whirling words† (I.v.134) with which Hamlet hopes to persuade people to believe that he is mad. These words, however, prove that beneath his â€Å"antic disposition,† Hamlet is very sane indeed. Beneath his strange choice of imagery involving points of the compass, the weather, and hunting birds, he is announcing that he is calculatedly choosing the times when to appear mad. Hamlet is saying that he knows a hunting hawk from a hunted â€Å"handsaw† or heron, in other words, that, very far form being mad, he is perfectly capable of recognizing his enemies. Hamlet's madness was feigned for a purpose. He warned his friends he intended to fake madness, but Gertrude as well as Claudius saw through it, and even the slightly dull-witted Polonius was suspicious. His public face is one of insanity but, in his private moments of soliloquy, through his confidences to Horatio, and in his careful plans of action, we see that his madness is assumed. After the Ghost's first appearance to Hamlet, Hamlet decides that when he finds it suitable or advantageous to him, he will put on a mask of madness. He confides to Horatio that when he finds the occasion appropriate, he will â€Å"put an antic disposition on† (I.v.173). This strategy gives Hamlet a chance to find proof of Claudius's guilt and to contemplate his revenge tactic (Burton 2). Although he has sworn to avenge his father's murder, he is not sure of the Ghost's origins: â€Å"The spirit that I have seen May be the devil† (II.ii.596-7). He uses his apparent madness as a delaying tactic to buy time in which to discover whether the Ghost's tale of murder is true and to decide how to handle the situation. At the same time, he wants to appear unthreatening and harmless so that people will divulge information to him, much in the same way that an adult will talk about an important secret in the presence of a young child (Boyce 232). To convince everyone of his madness, Hamlet spends many hours walking back and forth alone in the lobby, speaking those â€Å"wild and whirling words† which make little sense on the surface but in fact carry a meaningful subtext. Although he appears to have lost touch with reality, he keeps reminding us that he is not at all â€Å"far gone, far gone† (II.ii.187) as Polonius claims, but is in fact very much in command of himself and the situation. With his ranting and raving and his seemingly useless pacing of the lobby, Hamlet manages to appear quite mad. The naive and trusting Ophelia believes in and is devastated by what she sees as his downfall: â€Å"O, what a noble mind is here o'erthrown! . . . The expectancy and rose of the fair state . . . quite, quite down!† (III.i.152,4,6). Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are also fully convinced. They are Hamlet's equals in age but are far inferior in intellect and therefore don't understand that he is faking. However, although Hamlet manages to convince these simple friends and Ophelia of his insanity, other characters in the play such as Claudius, Gertrude and even Polonius eventually see through his behavior. Claudius is constantly on his guard because of his guilty conscience and he therefore recognizes that Hamlet is faking. The king is suspicious of Hamlet from the very beginning. He denies Hamlet permission to return to university so that he can keep an eye on him close by. When Hamlet starts acting strangely, Claudius gets all the more suspicious and sends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to spy on him. Their instructions are to discover why Hamlet is pretending to be mad: â€Å"And can you, by no drift of circumstance, Get from him why he puts on this confusion Grating so harshly all his days of quiet With turbulent and dangerous lunacy† (III. i.1-4). The reason Claudius is so reluctant to believe that Ophelia's rejection has caused Hamlet's lunacy is that he doesn't believe in his madness at all (Kirsch 2: 507). When Claudius realizes through the play-within-the-play that Hamlet knows the truth about his father's death, he immediately sends him away to England. The prevailing piece of evidence demonstrating Claudius's knowledge of Hamlet's sanity is the fact that he feels threatened enough by Hamlet to order him killed by the king of England: â€Å"For like the hectic in my blood he rages And thou must cure me: till I know 'tis done Howe'er my haps, my joys were ne'er begun† (IV.iii.67-9). In the scene in his mother's bedroom, Hamlet tells Gertrude that his insanity is assumed: I have utter'd: bring me to the test And I the matter will reword, which madness Even without this confirmation, the Queen has seen through his act (Burton 2). While Hamlet is reprimanding her, she is so upset that she describes his words as â€Å"daggers† (III.iv.98) and claims, † Thou hast cleft my heart in twain† (III.iv.158). The words of a madman could not have penetrated her soul to such an extent. The queen takes every word Hamlet says seriously, proving she respects him and believes his mind to be sound. Furthermore, she believes Hamlet's confession of sanity immediately. She does not question him at all but instead promises to keep it her secret. â€Å"I have no life to breathe What though hast said to me† (III.iv.200-1). Even Polonius can see that Hamlet has not completely lost touch with the world. Although he frequently misses the meanings of Hamlet's remarks and insults, he does recognize that they make some sense. When asked if he recognizes Polonius, Hamlet promptly replies, â€Å"Excellent well; you are a fishmonger† (II.ii.172). Although the response seems crazy since a fish-seller would look completely unlike the expensively dressed lord Polonius, Hamlet is actually criticizing Polonius for his management of Ophelia, since â€Å"fishmonger† is Elizabethan slang for â€Å"pimp† (Boyce 237). He plays mind-games with Polonius, getting him in crazy talk to agree first that a cloud looks like a camel, then a weasel and finally a whale, and in a very sane aside, he then comments that â€Å"they fool me to the top of my bent† (III.ii.375). After the confusing conversation with Hamlet he remarks, † Though this be madness, yet there is method in't† (II.ii.205). When his theory of rejected love proves wrong, he becomes very suspicious of Hamlet's behavior and offers to test it by hiding behind the â€Å"arras† in Gertrude's bedroom so that he can listen in on Hamlet's private conversation with his mother. Polonius' suspicions about the legitimacy of Hamlet's madness lead to his death when Hamlet stabs the â€Å"arras† in the mistaken belief that the eavesdropper is Claudius. Hamlet's soliloquies, his confidences to Horatio, and his elaborate plans are by far the most convincing proof of his sanity. Throughout the play, Hamlet's soliloquies reveal his inner thoughts, which are completely rational (Kirsch 511). In one such speech, Hamlet criticizes himself for not having yet taken action to avenge his father's murder: â€Å"O what a rogue and peasant slave am I Prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, Must, like a whore, unpack my heart with words† (II. ii. 545, 581-3). Hamlet calls himself a â€Å"dull and muddy-mettled rascal† (II.ii.563), a villain and a coward, but when he realizes that his anger doesn't achieve anything practical other than the unpacking of his heart, he stops. These are not the thoughts of a madman; his emotions are real and his thoughts are those of a rational man. Even when he contemplates suicide in the â€Å"to be or not to be† soliloquy, his reasons himself out of it through a very sane consideration of the dangers of an unknown afterlife: â€Å"And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought† (III. i. 85-6). A further important proof of his sanity is how patiently he devises plans to prepare for his revenge. As he explains to Horatio, his â€Å"antic disposition† is a device to test his enemies. His mounting of the play-within-the-play is another well-laid plan to trap Claudius into admitting guilt: â€Å"The play's the thing Wherein I'll catch the conscience of the king† (II.ii.602-3) and even when the play brings him concrete proof, he is careful not to rush to take his revenge at the wrong moment. He could easily kill Claudius while he is praying but restrains himself so that there is no chance of Claudius's entering heaven. Although Hamlet's patience can be seen as an example of his procrastination, the Foakes think that it is rather a sign of rationality. Hamlet shows himself perfectly capable of action, as well as of rational thought, in escaping the king's armed guard, dispatching Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to their deaths in England, dealing with the pirates and making it back to Denmark. In addition, the letter Horatio from him through the ambassador bound for England is clear and precise and shows no signs of a befuddled mind (Burton 1). Finally, we are convinced of Hamlet's sanity by his very normal reactions to the people around him. He is perfectly sane, friendly and courteous with the players, giving them good acting tips, which they appreciate and respect. When Polonius and Claudius test the rejected love theory by â€Å"loosing† Ophelia to him, Hamlet acts completely rationally. He greets Ophelia sweetly, gets a little cold when he remembers that he has not seen her â€Å"for this many a day,† is very hurt when she returns his remembrances, and becomes completely furious, insulting womankind in general, when she lies to him about her father's whereabouts and he realizes he is being spied on. He reacts the way any hurt young rejected lover would. This shows that he is very sane and rational indeed Throughout the play, Hamlet†s calculating mind lets him get away with all of his actions. He is the most sane person in the play and he uses his â€Å"antic disposition† to manipulate people, confuse everyone, and investigate anything he wants. He is fully aware of all of his actions and the consequences that they will have on the other characters in the play. Shakespeare†s genius shows through in the character of Hamlet. He was able to show Hamlet outwardly as a madman, but still keep the audience believing that he was still very sane underneath. Hamlet puts on his antic disposition very well. He is, in fact, â€Å"sane throughout the entire play† (Boyce 239).

Situational analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Situational analysis - Research Paper Example The restrictions on the market hamper the stimulation for economic activities, which create employment for the nationals of Indonesia. The political impact of the political class of Indonesia is that it fails to reduce the ever-growing rate of unemployment through the supporting of restrictive measures in the development of the nation. The economic state of the country is also a substantial determinant of the employment rate of the nationals of West Papua. The economic growth and development is the government’s obligation. The development creates adequate employment through the jobs the process creates. The economy of Indonesia is also pegged on the international economic status (David, 2012, 65). In this regard, many aspect of the economy contribute to the scourge of unemployment in West Papua. Currency fluctuation of India contributed in the reduction in the economic activities, which provide employment opportunities. According To Eben (2010, 34), the social cultural aspect of Indonesia contributes in the unemployment challenge in the country. The culture of the people of West Papua entails the overreliance on wind energy, which leads to less employment opportunities. In this regard, the youth on the region should invest in other renewable energy sources in order to create entrepreneurial opportunities. The people of west Papua have little time for social gratification. The habit leads to low networking of the populace. Consequently, there is no sharing of knowledge on employment opportunities and entrepreneurial ideas. The rate of unemployment increases because of limitation of innovative ideas on business. Technological stagnation is a challenge for the region. The problem is the proximate cause for the unemployment problem in the region. The stagnation limits the investment opportunities available to the youthful population. Richard (2009, 71) asserts that lack of technological application in industries results in inefficiency and

Productivity of Disabled People at Workplaces Essay

Productivity of Disabled People at Workplaces - Essay Example This document is set to discuss the major benefits associated with the hiring and employment of disabled qualified people in different business organizations. Productivity of Disabled People at Workplaces In Canada, an estimated 13% of the total population has a disability affecting their agility, mobility, vision, hearing, and or learning (Canadians in Context, 2006). This estimate is less other disabilities such as psychological, pain, speech, memory and developmental disabilities; which when included sums up to an estimated 4.4 million Canadians with disabilities, which is about 14.3 % of the population (Canadians in Context, 2006). No matter the number one decides to quote, the basic fact still remains that the fraction of the people living with disabilities across the globe has been on a constant increase down the years. Disability is not age conscious and can come at any stage in life, either being temporary or permanent, mild or severe. Once asked, an Ottawa business executive commented that: â€Å"disability is no longer a dirty word. Now we are trying to make the term disability acceptable and another part of business. In the next 10 years, when you say you have a disability, it will just mean that I work differently than you do† (Sobecki, 2007). A 2009 survey commissioned by Advancing the Inclusion of People with Disabilities pointed out that disabled adults are less likely to participate in the labor force. According to the report, only 52.1% of the total disabled women are employed as compared to the 70.1% of the women without disabilities. Furthermore, the ratio is similar in men where the percentage of the disabled men employed was 55.5 while that for men without disabilities stood at 80.2 (Advancing the Inclusion, 2009). Archaic times saw medical conditions such as diabetes and epilepsy perceived or rather viewed as disabilities which hindered the participation and succeeding of people in workplaces (Brightman, 2006). However, Brightman (2 006) asserts that much has been done to eliminate this notion via awareness campaigns, accommodation and accessibility, individuals with various different disabilities have emerged to form an integral part of the contemporary business world. The major reason behind this scenario is that major organizations, governments, employers and co-workers have come to look past such illnesses and are working together with disabled personalities helping them much in their quest for success (Sobecki, 2007). In the USA, the 1990’s Americans with Disability Act (ADA) presents employers with numerous opportunities to tap people with disabilities into their workforce (Barlow and Hane, 1992). According to the ADA, people with disabilities have the same and equal access to employment opportunities and their related benefits just as everyone else is. Other than prohibiting discrimination in employment of the disabled, it also covers other services like public transportation, state and local gove rnment activities, and telecommunications relay services as well (Barlow and Hane, 1992). In essence, the meaning of the ADA is that every person seeking employment is totally free to forward their applications to any job they feel qualified enough to carry on with. The ADA defines a

Group Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Group Decision Making - Essay Example This report stresses that GDM is also at times called as collaborative decision making. In this approach the individuals collectively makes decision or a choice from the set of alternatives. The decision is taken as a group and it is not attributable to any single member of the group. The GDM is very much different as compared to that taken by the individuals and it comprises of the decision to the extreme. This paper makes a conclusion that the owner of the car parts manufacturing company has planned on implementing a group for the decision making process. Groups often provide the best possible solution for any issue as compared to that taken by individuals. A group comprises of people that have different expertise and knowledge and this makes it beneficial for the company as the sharing of knowledge facilitates an effective decision making. It is recommended that the company should involve into the group those individuals who has an experience in the company for a long time and knows about the entire business operations. The group would include the managers of the different operational fields of the business. The group is recommended to follow the reflective thinking process in order to optimise on the decision making. This collaborative approach would maximise the revenues of the company and even would create a satisfactory working environment for the company.

You can make the topic by yourself Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

You can make the topic by yourself - Essay Example to two kinds of people in this regard, the winners who like to change and adapt themselves to new things while the losers are those who cling to the past. Progress is mostly cumulative as each level builds on the past achievements and improves on it. One such unique period in the history of human progress when changes were rapid was during the Industrial Revolution which started in the mid-eighteenth century in England and then spread rapidly into Western Europe and later on into the United States of America. It was a period of exciting changes in almost all spheres of life; old norms, traditions, and customs were cast aside in favor of newer ones. One result of the Industrial Revolution was the rise of Modernism which was a philosophical movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as a reaction or response to widespread changes in Western societies. Profound social changes altered the way of life for everybody. This period was the best time of times and paradoxically, also the worst of times, when people have to cope with so many changes going on simultaneously. Some people embrace change while others cling to old habits and cannot adapt to change and found it both terrifying and confusing. Modernism created outcasts out of the people who cannot cope or deal with the changes. The Industrial Revolution started around 1760 and lasted up to 1870 or thereabouts. It was indeed a major turning point in human history as society embraced new ideas, inventions, and innovations in the fields of science, technology, commerce, and in virtually every field of human endeavor. Perhaps the most profound of the changes occurring at this period was the rise of the modern free-market capitalism in which a new wealthy class of capitalists came into being and replaced the old class of feudalistic land owners as capitalist groups put up factories that produced profits for them and increased their wealth holdings. This was a watershed period in history as society

The Benefits Of Diversity To British Society And As To How Such A Essay

The Benefits Of Diversity To British Society And As To How Such A Diverse Society May Cause Its Own Tension And Conflict - Essay Example The migration of people into Britain including work permit holders in 2003 was 119000. When the increase in the population was 2.2 million, 1.14 million was from abroad. Birmingham, Bradford, Leicester and Oldham have Pakistanis and Indians. French, Portuguese, Greeks, Poles and Zimbabweans make up smaller proportions of the foreign- born. However when the second generation who are citizens are considered, the number just swells (Wood et al, 2006, p. 2). The debate on the diversity issue is an ongoing one. Originally the issues dwelled on how many people Britain could accommodate as new citizens. The conservative right viewed immigration as a threat to the national perspective (Banting and Will, 2004). Tensions are possible in 2 situations: the â€Å"heterogeneity/redistribution† tension and the recognition/ redistribution. In the first, social policies are difficult to implement because of the difficulty in eliciting trust and national solidarity among the ethnic groups or different races. Occasionally the multiculturalism policies increase the tension between diversity and social solidarity. Both reduce the support for redistribution. A British sociologist, T.H.Marshall, believed that citizenship must possess a feeling of community and have the feelings of trust, reciprocity or mutual obligation. The immigrants having been awarded many social benefits called social citizenship, developed a national consciousness (1950, p.8) . Social capital is hindered by ethnicity issues. Trusting one’s neighbours and getting involved in the social networks supports the capacity for collective action (Putnam, 2000). It is difficult to earn the trust of minorities when compared to the majority; trusting across racial differences is a challenge. However other factors like income, gender, age and social spending appear to score over ethnicity. The level of social spending in ethnic diversity depends on the amount of economic development, age distribution of the

Psychology of Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Psychology of Women - Essay Example The first portrayal of bias in the media is seen through the concept of feminism, which is represented by the main character, Margaret Tate. This character is seen as an independent woman from the beginning, and is often referred to as a witch by others in the office. Margaret is recognized as successful and as an editor that is able to help her publishing company reach more success. The feminist perspective and bias that is noted from the beginning is one that shows the independence of the working woman and the way that women who are independent act toward others. For a woman to carry this level of success, compromises of being a woman are made. As the movie continues, this is seen as Margaret reveals that she has given up a social life and marriage for the sake of the business and to be an independent woman. This relates directly to the juxtaposed debates of feminism, which states that working women can’t be housewives and often compromise ideas of femininity for their succe ss. This results as an expectation from society and what is occurring among others in the office. The concept of feminism and independence is one of the most important aspects of this film with the reversal of expectations that begin to occur. This relates directly to the main plot, which shows Margaret asking Andrew to marry her for the sake of her job. Margaret takes the role of a male in her assertiveness and in her proposal to Andrew at the beginning of the film. The media portrays Margaret as the feminist who is independent and who will do anything for the sake of her job while leaving behind her traditional role. This is important for the identity of feminism and the perception of how women take this role in society. However, the media also shows the underlying tone of feminism and how this is an illusion. By the end of the film, Margaret is seen as